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St Peter's Church, Barton-upon-Humber ：ウィキペディア英語版

St Peter's Church, Barton-upon-Humber

St Peter's Church is the former parish church of Barton-upon-Humber in North Lincolnshire, England. It is one of the best known Anglo-Saxon buildings, in part due to its role in Thomas Rickman's identification of the style. It has been subject to major excavations. The former Church of England church is now run by English Heritage and houses an exhibition exploring its history.
== Origins ==

The church lies immediately east of the remains of a near circular enclosure which contained a hall. This is, on average, in diameter and was originally surrounded by a ditch and timber palisade known to date to before 900. An early pagan Saxon cemetery, believed to be linked with this enclosure and dated to the first half of the seventh century, was discovered at Castledyke, south of the church, and was used to bury high-status individuals. In 669 Saint Chad founded a monastery in neighbouring Barrow-upon-Humber. An Anglo-Saxon charter dated 971 suggests that Barton became a grange attached to this monastery.〔Barrie Cox, "The pattern of Old English ''burh'' in early Lindsey", in ''Anglo-Saxon England: 23'', p.44〕〔Ann Williams, "A bell-house and a burgh-geat", in Robert Liddiard, ''Anglo-Norman Castles'', pp.34–36〕
The earliest graves on the site of the church date from the ninth century, around one hundred years after the southerly cemetery was abandoned. At this stage, it appears to have been reserved for burials associated with the hall and there may have been an associated chapel, although no trace of this remains. This was Barton's first Christian cemetery.〔Gail Drinkall and Martin Foreman, ''The Anglo-Saxon cemetery at Castledyke South, Barton-on-Humber'', pp.16, 24, 363–364〕
The dating of the church is somewhat controversial. English Heritage date the baptistery to the ninth century and the tower nave to the tenth century. Some other sources give a slightly later date, between 970 and 1030.〔 In particular, it is uncertain whether the baptistery does predate the tower or if the two are contemporary.〔Simon Jenkins, ''England's Thousand Best Churches'', p.367〕 Around the date of construction the ditch to the east was infilled, allowing level access between the hall and the church.〔 Unusually, graves disturbed by the laying of foundations were carefully relocated.〔Dawn M. Hadley and Jo Buckbery, ''Pastoral care in late Anglo-Saxon England'', in Francesca Tinti, ''Pastoral care in late Anglo-Saxon England'', p.132-134〕

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